How US defence aid shaped Israel’s military developments since Oct 7, 2023
The US House of Representatives passed legislation allocating $750 million for Israel-related military programmes in fiscal year 2027, a $65 million increase from the previous year. The funding targets missile defence systems like Iron Dome, counter-drone technology, tunnel-mapping systems, and emerging defence capabilities. The bill must pass the Senate before becoming law, where its future remains uncertain.
The United States House of Representatives has advanced defence spending legislation that includes substantial military funding for Israel as debate continues over Washington's continued support during the Gaza conflict. The National Defense Authorization Act, which outlines military priorities for the 2027 fiscal year beginning October 1, allocates $750 million for Israel-related military programmes, representing a $65 million increase compared to the previous fiscal year.
Under the House proposal, $500 million would support missile defence systems, with Iron Dome receiving particular emphasis. This system, fully operational since 2011, is designed to intercept short-range rockets and achieved an interception rate of approximately 90 percent of threatening rockets during conflict periods, according to a 2020 Congressional Research Service report. The remaining $250 million would fund additional military capabilities, including $100 million for counter-unmanned systems designed to detect and defend against drones, $100 million for subterranean operations including tunnel-mapping technology, and $50 million for emerging defence technologies incorporating artificial intelligence and autonomous systems.
The legislation has drawn sharply divergent responses. Pro-Israel advocacy groups, including the American Israel Public Affairs Committee, welcomed the funding allocation, while organisations such as the Council on American-Islamic Relations criticised continued military assistance, arguing it may contribute to Israel's military operations in Gaza. The bill now faces an uncertain path through the Senate, where Democrats previously blocked the Senate version of the legislation. Both chambers must approve identical versions before the measure can reach the president for signature.
US military support for Israel has expanded substantially over decades. A 2016 memorandum of understanding between the two countries committed $33 billion for defence cooperation across fiscal years 2019 through 2028. According to a 2025 analysis from Brown University's Costs of War Project, the United States provided approximately $21 billion in military assistance to Israel between October 2023 and September 2025.
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